Polypotnoy extrasystole – what is it, how and what to treat

Author Ольга Кияница

2017-10-30

Of all the species of extrasystole, the most unfavorable is the frequent and polytopian extrasystole. It is determined by means of a special instrumental study, first of all electrocardiograms. After setting the exact diagnosis, treatment is prescribed. In the absence and presence of concomitant organic pathology of the heart, serious complications may develop.

Extrasystoles are extraordinary abbreviations that originate from pathological foci formed as a result of destruction and replacement by the connective tissue of sites in the heart muscle. The more such foci, the more complex and malignant the extrasystole proceeds. Especially severe cases of combination of extraordinary contractions with organic heart lesions like myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, valve dysfunctions.

Electrocardiography is used to determine ectopic foci, which, if necessary, is supplemented by Holter monitoring. But polypotnye ventricular extrasystoles, as a rule, are immediately marked on an electrocardiogram, without long diagnostics.

Polytopenic ventricular extrasystole necessarily undergoes medical treatment, especially in the case of determining another concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system. As a result, despite the complexity of the clinical picture, the prognostic conclusion is often benign.

Video Ventricular Extrasystole. Symptoms, causes and methods of treatment

What is a polytopian extrasystole?

There are several classifications of extraordinary contractions that help to understand the significance of the ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles, which is what the consequences of Behavior are.

The first classification is where the ectopic foci are located, respectively, which are extracysteros excreted atrial, ventricular, atrioventricular. The second is based on the number of ectopic foci generating pathological impulses.According to this division, the following are distinguished:

  • Monotonous extrasystoles are extraordinary contractions induced by extraordinary impulses from one ectopic focal point. They may be monomorphic and polymorphic, indicating the same or different form of ECG.
  • Polytopic extrasystoles - pathological pulses come from several ectopic foci, with the extrasystole complexes on the ECG different in shape, as well as the clutch intervals taken from the same ECG lead.

politopn-extrastist

In 1984, Myerburg proposed the classification of the ventricular extrasystole, according to which the following are distinguished:

  • by frequency - rare, occasional, moderately frequent, frequent and very frequent.
  • by the nature of the flow - single monomorphic, single polymorphic, pairwise, unstable, and stable.

The last modified classification today is more commonly used, therefore, the definition of a polymorphic extrasystole is more common than polyotope. The pathogenesis of the development of both pathologies lies in the same mechanisms, namely, the destruction of the heart muscle against the background of hypotrophy, hypoxia, ischemia. As a result, ectopic foci are generated, generating extraordinary impulses that result in rhythm disturbances.

General recommendations

First of all, the cause of the illness is discovered, which may consist of violations of both the cardiovascular system and other organs and systems of the body. In the latter case, speak of non-cardiac causes of pathology development.

In an untried clinic and not often occurring extrasystoles (except for early and polythropic), medical treatment is not carried out.

Lack of evidence for taking medication does not mean that you can ignore the condition of the heart. There are other ways to maintain a vital organ, for which you need to follow general recommendations:

  • To use a useful heart of food, which in the first place should be deprived of animal fat, roasted, smoked, sharp, strongly salty products.
  • It is less tolerate psychoemotional overvoltages, which noticeably disturb the activity of the heart.
  • Regularly carry out permissible physical exercises that will help to saturate the myocardium with oxygen.
  • To refuse harmful habits, among which the smoking and drinking of alcohol have a particularly negative effect on the heart.
  • The mode of the day should be as much as possible, especially for night sleep, which should last at least 8 hours.

Changing lifestyle allows you to improve your well-being without medication. The given recommendations are useful to all cardiologic patients, including in the presence of indications for taking medication.

Principles of medical treatment of extrasystoles

Cardiologists know the need for extrasystolic extrasystolic therapy, but the ventricular extrasystoles are more likely to be clinically important, which can be complicated by trembling or fibrillation of the ventricles on the background of cardiovascular diseases. To prevent life-threatening conditions different tactics of attacking the attack are used.

Tactics of extrasystole treatment, which develops against a background of acute myocardial infarction:

  • Lidocaine
  • Lack of magnesium is supplemented with magnesium sulfate.
  • The patient is sent to a cardiological resuscitation.

Tactics of extrasystole treatment accompanied by hemodynamic disorders and subjectively poorly tolerated:

  • Propranolol
  • When an ineffectiveness of the drug is used amiodarone.
  • The patient is hospitalized in the cardiology department.

Prolonged treatment of extrasystole is based on the use of antiarrhythmic drugs. Often, AAPs are selected according to the following schemes:

  1. In the beginning, a beta-blocker is assigned to the initially induced and subjectively intolerable arrhythmias, which proceeds without organic damage to the heart. In case of its ineffectiveness, sotalol or amiodarone is used.
  2. Clinical extrasystole with organic heart disease is treated with amiodarone in combination with a beta-blocker.

Common combinations of antiarrhythmic drugs: a beta-blocker with a class I drug, sotalol or amiodarone with a class I C drug. The most complex and often used combination of drugs consists of beta-blocker, amiodarone, and medication I C class.

Video Treatment of ventricular extrasystoles

Non-medicated extrasystole treatment

With polypotnoy extrasystole weakly helps, therefore, it is more commonly used in supraventricular extraordinary contractions, which often occur benignly.

Basic methods of non-drug therapy:

  • Psychotherapy - in some cases, the counseling of a psychotherapist can help, which can help to change the habitual reactions to external stimuli. It is noted that with a positive response to various irritants, the risk of developing many cardiovascular diseases is reduced.
  • Phytotherapy - is more commonly used in the treatment of supraventricular extrasystoles, although in some cases it is effective in ventricular forms. Of medicinal plants, mainly used hawthorn, valerian root, lindych Pervomaisky. From the dried ingredients prepare infusions and tincture, which are taken according to medical recommendations.
  • Needle-reflex therapy - the method is based on the use of acupuncture needles, which are placed at certain points of exposure, located on different parts of the body. Treatment is carried out by courses and is often used for subjective intolerance to seizures with no organic heart lesions.

In the extreme case, a defibrillator is implanted, which by its work gives the heart a normal rhythm. The device reduces the risk of sudden cardiac arrest and the appearance of a number of other serious complications.


3.60 avg. rating (74% score) - 5 votes - votes

Similar articles

Extrasystole

Among all arrhythmias, extrasystoles are the most common. Other known names of pathology are ectopic strokes, premature strokes, premature atrium or ventricular complexes. Their occurrence is associated with premature contraction of the heart. Most often they do not pose a health hazard, but in some cases, the course of the underlying disease worsens.

More
Whether it is possible for extrasystoles to engage in sports

Modern athletes are more and more often asked the question of the type of sports training available for extrasystoles. This is due to the fact that many young people, including those involved in sports, began to define extraordinary contractions that patients may not feel. In some cases, such manifestations can not be ignored as they indicate the presence of a serious disease in the body.

More
What is extrasystole – methods and methods of treatment

One of the most common forms of arrhythmia is the extrasystole of the heart. What it is and how to treat the disease you need to know everyone, especially if there is a predisposition to cardiovascular disease. With the help of modern methods of therapy, it is possible to achieve a positive result even with a complex development of pathology.

More

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published.