Exforge H 10 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg tablet number 14

Author Ольга Кияница

2017-05-11

Amount in a package -
Product form Pills
Manufacturer Novartis Pharma (Switzerland)
Registration certificate UA/12679/01/04
The main medicament Exforge
morion code 196575

Exforge H (EXFORGE H) user's manual

Composition

1 tablet 5 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg contains
active ingredients: amlodipine besylate 6.94 mg, equivalent to amlodipine base 5 mg, valsartan 160 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg

1 tablet of 10 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg contains
active ingredients: amlodipine besylate 13.87 mg, equivalent to amlodipine base 10 mg, valsartan 160 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg

1 tablet 5 mg / 160 mg / 25 mg contains
active ingredients: amlodipine besylate 6.94 mg, equivalent to amlodipine base 5 mg, valsartan 160 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg

1 tablet of 10 mg / 160 mg / 25 mg contains
active ingredients: amlodipine besylate 13.87 mg, equivalent to amlodipine base 10 mg, valsartan 160 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg

auxiliary substances: cellulose microcrystalline, crospovidone, silicon dioxide colloid, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, titanium dioxide (E 171), macrogol 4000, talc, iron oxide yellow (E172) - only for tablets of 5 mg / 160 mg / 25 mg, 10 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg, 10 mg / 160 mg / 25 mg iron oxide red (E172) - only for tablets of 10 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg.

Dosage form

Film-coated tablets.

Basic physical and chemical properties:

tablets 5 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg - oval biconvex tablets coated with a white sheath of film, with bevelled edges, with an impression of "NVR" on one side and "VCL" on the other;
tablets 10 mg / 160 mg / 12.5 mg - oval biconvex tablets covered with a film coating of pale yellow color, with bevelled edges, with an impression of "NVR" on one side and "VDL" on the other;
tablets 5 mg / 160 mg / 25 mg - oval biconvex tablets, covered with a film coating of yellow, with bevelled edges, with an impression of "NVR" on one side and "VEL" on the other;
tablets 10 mg / 160 mg / 25 mg - oval biconvex tablets, covered with a film coating of brownish-yellow color, with bevelled edges, with an impression of "NVR" on one side and "VNL" on the other.

Pharmacological group

Angiotensin II antagonists, other combinations. ATX Code C09D X01.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics.

Exforge H contains three antihypertensive agents with complementary mechanisms for controlling blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension: amlodipine belongs to the class of calcium antagonists, valsartan to the class of angiotensin II antagonists, and hydrochlorothiazide to the class of thiazide diuretics. The combination of these three components is characterized by a complementary antihypertensive effect.

Amlodipine

Amlodipine, which is part of Exforge H, inhibits the transmembrane intake of calcium ions in the heart muscle and smooth muscle vessels. The mechanism of antihypertensive action of amlodipine occurs by direct relaxing action on the smooth muscle of the vessels, causing a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and arterial pressure.

Amlodipine in therapeutic doses in patients with arterial hypertension causes vasodilation, which leads to a decrease in blood pressure in the supine and standing position. Such a decrease in blood pressure is not accompanied by marked changes in the heart rate or the level of catecholamines in blood plasma with prolonged use.

Concentrations in blood plasma correlate with the effect in young patients and in elderly patients.

In patients with arterial hypertension and normal renal function, amlodipine in therapeutic doses leads to a decrease in renal vascular resistance and an increase in glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow without changing the filtration fraction or proteinuria.

Valsartan

Valsartan is active for oral use, a potent and specific antagonist of angiotensin II receptors. Valsartan acts selectively on the subtype of AO 1 receptors that are responsible for the known effects of angiotensin II.

The intake of valsartan in patients with arterial hypertension helps to lower blood pressure without affecting the pulse rate.

In most patients after oral administration of a single dose, the onset of an antihypertensive effect occurs within 2:00, and the maximum decrease in blood pressure is achieved within 4-6 hours. Antihypertensive effect lasts for 24 hours after application of the drug. With repeated use, the maximum reduction in blood pressure (with all dosage regimens) is usually achieved within 2-4 weeks.

Hydrochlorothiazide

The site of action of thiazide diuretics is mainly distal convoluted tubules of the kidneys. It has been confirmed that in the cortical layer of the kidneys there are leap-inhibitor receptors, which are the main binding center for thiazide diuretics and inhibition of NaCl transport to the distal convoluted tubules. The mechanism of action of thiazides is the inhibition of carriers of Na + Cl -, possibly by competition for the centers of Cl -, which in turn affects the mechanisms of reabsorption of electrolytes directly enhances the excretion of sodium and chlorine to approximately equivalent degree, and indirectly, due to a diuretic effect, reduces volume of plasma with subsequent increase of renin activity in blood plasma, aldosterone secretion and potassium excretion in urine, as well as potassium reduction in blood serum.

Pharmacokinetics.

Linearity

Amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide demonstrate linear pharmacokinetics.

Amlodipine / valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide

After oral administration of Exforge H with healthy adult volunteers, the maximum concentrations of amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in blood plasma were achieved within 6-8 hours, 3:00 and 2:00, respectively. The speed and volume of absorption of amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide when Exforge H is used are similar to those observed with the use of its components as separate preparations.

Amlodipine

Absorption. After oral administration in therapeutic doses of amlodipine alone, the maximum concentration in the blood plasma was reached after 6-12 hours. Bioavailability was from 64% to 80%. Eating food does not affect the bioavailability of amlodipine.

Distribution. The distribution volume is approximately 21 l / kg. In vitro studies of amlodipine have shown that approximately 97.5% of the drug is in circulating blood, binds to blood plasma proteins.

Metabolism. Amlodipine is actively (about 90%) metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites.

Conclusion . Amlodipine is excreted from the blood plasma in two stages, the final half-life is about 30-50 hours. The level of the equilibrium state in the blood plasma is achieved after continuous use for 7-8 days. 10% of the original amlodipine and 60% of the metabolites of amlodipine are excreted in the urine.

Valsartan

Absorption. After oral administration of valsartan alone, its maximum concentration is achieved in 2-4 hours. The average bioavailability is 23%. The intake of food reduces the exposure (as determined by AUC) of valsartan by approximately 40%, and the maximum concentration in the blood plasma (C max) is approximately 50%, although approximately 8:00 after application, the concentration of valsartan is similar in the fasting and after-treatment groups food. However, such a decrease in AUC is not accompanied by a clinically significant decrease in the therapeutic effect, so valsartan can be used regardless of food intake.

Distribution. The volume of distribution of valsartan in the equilibrium state after intravenous administration is approximately 17 liters, indicating that valsartan does not divide extensively in the tissues. Valsartan actively binds to blood plasma proteins (94-97%), mainly with serum albumins.

Metabolism. Valsartan is not transformed to a large extent, since only about 20% of the dose is excreted as metabolites.Hydroxymetabolite has been identified in blood plasma at low concentrations (less than 10% of Valsartan AUC). This metabolite is pharmacologically inactive.

Conclusion . Valsartan is excreted mainly with feces (approximately 83% of the dose) and urine (13% of the dose), mainly in unchanged form. After the introduction of clearance, valsartan is about 2 l / h, and the renal clearance is 0.62 l / h (about 30% of the total clearance). The half-life of valsartan is 6:00.

Hydrochlorothiazide

Absorption. The absorption of hydrochlorothiazide after oral administration is rapid (T max - approximately 2:00). The increase in mean AUC is a linear and proportional dose when applied in the therapeutic dose range. No changes in the kinetics of hydrochlorothiazide were observed with repeated application, and cumulation was minimal when taken once a day. With simultaneous administration with food, both an increase and a decrease in the systemic availability of hydrochlorothiazide were noted compared with fasting. The severity of these effects is insignificant and has little clinical significance. The bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide is 60-80% after oral administration.

Distribution. The apparent volume of distribution is 4-8 l / kg. Hydrochlorothiazide in the circulating blood binds to blood plasma proteins (40-70%), mainly with serum albumins. Hydrochlorothiazide also accumulates in erythrocytes in levels 1.8 times higher than plasma levels.

Metabolism. Hydrochlorothiazide is excreted unchanged.

Conclusion . More than 95% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Kidney clearance consists of passive filtration and active secretion in the renal tubules. The half-life is 6-15 hours.

Individual patient groups

Children (up to 18 years)

There is no data on the pharmacokinetics in children.

Patients of advanced age (65 years and older)

Time to achieve C max amlodipine is similar in young and elderly patients. In elderly patients, clearance of amlodipine tends to decrease, causing an increase in the area under the curve (AUC) and half-life. The average systemic AUC value of valsartan is higher by 70% in elderly patients than in younger patients, so with caution increase the dose to such patients.

The systemic exposure of valsartan is somewhat higher in elderly patients compared to younger patients, but this is not clinically relevant.

Limited data indicate that the systemic clearance of hydrochlorothiazide is lower in both healthy elderly volunteers and in elderly patients with hypertension compared with younger healthy volunteers.

Since the three components of the drug are equally well tolerated by young patients and elderly patients, a routine dosing regimen is recommended.

Impaired renal function

Impaired renal function does not significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of amlodipine. As expected, for a drug whose renal clearance is only 30% of the total clearance, there was no correlation between renal function and systemic exposure of valsartan.

Therefore, patients with impaired renal function of mild and moderate severity can apply the drug in a usual initial dose.

Impaired liver function

In patients with impaired hepatic function, clearance of amlodipine is reduced, which leads to an increase in AUC of approximately 40-60%. On average, patients with mild and moderate chronic illnesses are exposed to valsartan exposure (determined by the AUC indicator) 2 times higher than in adult volunteers (grouped by age, sex and body weight). Caution should be given to patients with liver disease.

The combination of amlodipine / valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide was not tested for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity, as there was no evidence of interaction between these drugs, marketed for a long time. However, amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide were individually tested for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity; negative results were obtained.

Indications

Treatment of essential hypertension in adult patients with arterial pressure, an adequately controlled combination of amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide, which use three separate substances or two drugs, one of which is combined.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to active substances, other sulfonamides, dihydropyridine derivatives or to an auxiliary substance.
Pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant (see "Application during pregnancy or lactation")
Violation of the liver, biliary cirrhosis or cholestasis.
Severe renal dysfunction (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <30 ml / min / 1.73 m 2), anuria, as well as being on dialysis.
Simultaneous use of angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARBs), including valsartan, or ACE inhibitors (ALPs) with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or with impaired renal function (GFR <60 mg / min / 1.73 m 2).
Refractory hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, symptomatic hyperuricemia.
Severe hypotension.
Shock (including cardiogenic shock).
Obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (eg, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and severe aortic stenosis).
Hemodynamically unstable heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.

Interaction with other drugs and other interactions

Exforge H was not studied with other drugs. Table 1 provides only information on interactions with other drugs known for each individual active ingredient.

However, it is important to consider that Exforge H can strengthen the antihypertensive effect of other antihypertensive drugs.

Table 1

Simultaneous use is not recommended
Separate components of Exforge H
Interactions with such agents are known
The effect of interaction with other drugs
Valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide
lithium
A reversible increase in serum lithium concentration and toxicity was reported during the simultaneous use of lithium with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, including valsartan or thiazides such as hydrochlorothiazide.
Since renal clearance is reduced by thiazides, the risk of lithium toxicity can probably increase with Exforge H. Therefore, it is recommended that the level of lithium in serum be carefully monitored during the combined use of the drugs.
Valsartan
Potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, salt substitutes containing potassium and other agents that can raise the level of potassium
If the use of the drug is necessary affects the level of potassium in combination with valsartan it is recommended to check the potassium level in the blood plasma frequently.
Amlodipine
Grapefruit or grapefruit juice
The use of amlodipine with grapefruit or grapefruit juice is not recommended, because bioequivalence may increase in some patients, which leads to an increase in the effect of lowering blood pressure
Simultaneous use requires caution
Separate components of Exforge H
Interactions with such agents are known
The effect of interaction with other drugs
Amlodipine
Inhibitors of CYP3A4 (eg, ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir)
A study involving elderly patients showed that diltiazem inhibits the metabolism of amlodipine, possibly with the participation of CYP3A4 (plasma concentration increases by about 50% and the effect of amlodipine is enhanced). The likelihood that more potent inhibitors of CYP3A4 (eg, ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir) can increase the concentration of amlodipine in plasma is more pronounced than diltiazem.
Inductors CYP3A4(anticonvulsants [such as carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, phosphenytoin, primidon], rifampicin, St. John's wort)
Simultaneous application can lead to a decrease in the concentrations of amlodipine in the blood plasma. It was shown to conduct clinical monitoring with the possible adjustment of the dose of amlodipine treatment time inductor and after its withdrawal.
simvastatin
The use of multiple doses of 10 mg of amlodipine with 80 mg of simvastatin results in an increase in the exposure of simvastatin by 77% compared to the use of one simvastatin. It is recommended to reduce the daily dose of simvastatin to 20 mg for patients who use amlodipine.
Dantrolene (infusion)
In animals, fatal cases of ventricular fibrillation and cardiovascular collapse were observed in connection with hyperkalemia after the administration of verapamil and dantrolene intravenously. Because of the risk of hyperkalemia, it is recommended that joint use of calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine, patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia, and the treatment of malignant hyperthermia be avoided.
Valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including selective inhibitors of COX-2, acetylsalicylic acid (> 3 g / day) and nonselective NSAIDs
NSAIDs can weaken the antihypertensive effect such as antagonists of angiotensin II, and while the use of hydrochlorothiazide. Moreover, the simultaneous use Exforge H and NSAIDs may lead to a deterioration of renal function and potassium levels in the serum. It is therefore recommended to monitor renal function at the beginning of treatment, as well as the proper patient hydration.
Inhibitors accumulation transporter (rifampicin, cyclosporin) or eflyuksnogo transporter (ritonavir)
Results of investigations The in vitro with human liver tissue showed that valsartan is a substrate for hepatic transporter OATP1B1 and hepatic accumulation eflyuksnogo MRP2 transporter. The simultaneous use of a carrier accumulation inhibitors (rifampicin, cyclosporin) or eflyuksnogo transporter (ritonavir) can increase the systemic exposure of valsartan.
Hydrochlorothiazide
Alcohol, anesthetics and sedatives
There may be potentiation of orthostatic hypotension.
amantadine
Thiazides, including hydrochlorothiazide, may increase the risk of adverse reactions, amantadine.
Anticholinergics (such as atropine, biperiden)
Bioavailability thiazide-type diuretics may increase anticholinergics (e.g. atropine, biperiden), apparently due to a decrease of gastrointestinal motility and gastric emptying rate.
Antidiabetic drugs (e.g. insulin and oral antidiabetics)
metformin
It may be necessary to re-adjust the dosage of insulin and oral antidiabetic agents.
Metformin should be used with caution because of the risk of lactic acidosis induced by possible functional renal failure associated with the use of hydrochlorothiazide.
Beta-blockers and diazoxide
Concomitant use of thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, with beta blockers may increase the risk of hyperglycaemia. Thiazide diuretics including hydrochlorothiazide may enhance the hyperglycemic effect of diazoxide.
carbamazepine
Patients receiving hydrochlorothiazide simultaneously with carbamazepine may develop hyponatremia. Therefore, such patients should be warned about the possibility of giponatriemichnih reactions, as well as in accordance to observe their condition.
Cholestyramine and colestipol resins
Absorption of thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, reduces cholestyramine or other anion exchange resins.
cyclosporine
Simultaneous treatment with cyclosporine may increase the risk of hyperuricemia and gouty complications of type.
Cytotoxic agents (e.g. cyclophosphamide, methotrexate)
Thiazides, including hydrochlorothiazide, may reduce renal excretion of cytotoxic agents (e.g. cyclophosphamide, methotrexate) and enhance their myelosuppressive effects.
digitalis glycosides
Tiazidindukovana hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia can occur as side effects that promote digitalisindukovanoi cardiac arrhythmias.
Iodine-containing contrast agents
If diuretikindukovanoi dehydration there is an increased risk of developing acute renal failure, especially with high doses of iodine products. Which should be hold rehydration.
Drugs affecting potassium(with concomitant administration of diuretics, corticosteroids, laxatives, ACTH, amphotericin, carbenoxolone, penicillin G, salicylic acid derivatives)
Hypokalemic effect of hydrochlorothiazide may enhance the appointment saluretics, corticosteroids, laxatives, ACTH (ACTH), amphotericin, carbenoxolone, penicillin G and salicylic acid derivatives. If such drugs are administered with a combination of amlodipine / Valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide, it is advisable to monitor the level of potassium in the blood plasma.
Medications used to treat gout (probenecid, sulfinpyrazone and allopurinol)
It may be necessary to dose adjustment of uricosuric drugs as hydrochlorothiazide may enhance the level of uric acid in serum krovi.Mozhet be necessary to increase the dose of probenecid or sulfinpirazona.
Simultaneous with the appointment of thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, may increase the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions to allopurinol.
methyldopa
There were isolated reports of the development of hemolytic anemia with concomitant use of hydrochlorothiazide and methyldopa.
Nondepolarizing skeletal muscle relaxants (such as tubocurarine)
Thiazides, including hydrochlorothiazide, potentiate the action of curare derivatives.
Pressor amines (e.g. norepinephrine, epinephrine)
The effect of pressor amines may be weakened.
Vitamin D and calcium salts
The use of thiazide diuretics including hydrochlorothiazide, with vitamin D or calcium salts may potentiate increasing calcium levels in serum.

Dual blockade of the RAAS with ARBs, ACE inhibitors or aliskiren

The simultaneous use of ARBs, including valsartan, ACE inhibitors or with aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with diabetes or impaired renal function (GFR <60 mg / min / 1.73 m 2).

Application features

Safety and effectiveness of amlodipine for hypertensive crisis have not explored.

Patients with sodium deficiency and dehydration

Patients with activated renin-angiotensin system (patients with deficit of salts and / or dehydration, which are obtained at high doses of diuretics) that angiotensin II (Arai) receptor is used, there may be symptomatic hypotension. It is recommended to adjust a position prior to use of the drug Exforge H or closely monitor the patient at the beginning of treatment.

If use of the drug Exforge H marked hypotension occurs, the patient should take a horizontal position and lift his legs and, if necessary, enter the infusion with saline. Treatment may be continued after stabilization of arterial pressure.

Changes in levels of serum electrolytes

Amlodipine / valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide

Periodically, at appropriate intervals to monitor the blood serum levels of electrolytes, to determine the possible electrolyte imbalance.

Periodical determination of the level of electrolytes and potassium in serum should be performed at appropriate intervals to prevent possible electrolyte imbalance, especially in patients with risk factors such as renal function, treatment with other drugs and electrolyte imbalance in the anamnesis.

valsartan

Concomitant use with potassium-containing additives, potassium-sparing diuretics, salt substitutes containing potassium, or other drugs that may increase the level of potassium (e.g. heparin) is not recommended. If necessary, to control the level of potassium.

Hydrochlorothiazide

It reported the development of hypokalemia in the treatment of thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide.

Treatment of thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, associated with the development of hyponatremia and alkalosis hypochloremic. Thiazides, including hydrochlorothiazide, increases the excretion of magnesium in the urine, which can lead to hypomagnesemia. In the application of thiazide diuretics reduced calcium excretion, which may lead to hypercalcemia.

All patients receiving thiazide diuretics, it is necessary to periodically monitor the level of electrolytes, especially potassium, sodium and magnesium.

Renal function

No need for correction dose Exforge H patients with impaired renal mild and moderate severity function (GFR ≥30 mL / min / 1,7Zm 2). It is recommended to periodically monitor the level of potassium, creatinine and uric acid in the blood serum of patients with impaired renal function when using the drug Exforge N.

The simultaneous use of angiotensin receptor antagonists, including valsartan, ACE inhibitors or with aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function (GFR <60 mg / min / 1.73 m 2).

Renal artery stenosis

Exforge H should be used with caution in patients with hypertension unilateral or bilateral renal artery stenosis or stenosis separate kidneys because urea and creatinine levels in serum may increase.

Kidney Transplantation

At present there is no experience regarding the safety of the drug Exforge N patients who have recently performed a kidney transplant.

Abnormal liver function

Valsartan is mainly excreted unchanged in bile. amlodipine half-life period is prolonged and the index AUC (plasma concentration - time) higher in patients with impaired liver function dosage recommendations have not been established. For patients with impaired liver function mild to moderate, not accompanied by cholestasis, the maximum recommended dose is 80 mg of valsartan. For this reason Exforge H drug is not shown for this group of patients.

Angioedema.

Angioedema, including the larynx and glottis edema, which can lead to airway obstruction and / or swelling of the face, lips, throat and / or tongue have been observed in patients treated with valsartan. Some of these patients had a history of angioneurotic edema when taking other drugs, including ACE inhibitors (ACE). Application Exforge H should be stopped immediately when an angioedema repeated use is not recommended.

Heart failure and coronary artery disease / condition after myocardial infarction

Because inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-patients with increased sensitivity may be expected changes in renal function. Patients with severe heart failure in which kidney function is dependent on the activity of the renin-angiotensin, treatment with ACE inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor antagonists lead to oliguria and / or progressive azotemia (rarely) with acute renal failure and / or death. Similar results were reported for valsartan.

Recommended used with caution in patients with heart failure and coronary artery diseases, especially in a maximum dose of Exforge H - 10 mg / 320 mg / 25 mg, as the data on the drug administration this group of patients is limited.

Stenosis of the aortic and mitral valves

As with other vasodilators administered with caution to patients with a stenosis of aortic and mitral valves low degree.

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Patients with primary hyperaldosteronism should be treated with the angiotensin II antagonist valsartan as they have not been activated renin-angiotensin system. Therefore Exforge H drug is not recommended for this group of patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus

It reported that the thiazide diuretics including hydrochlorothiazide, exacerbated or activated for systemic lupus erythematosus.

Other metabolic disorders

Thiazide diuretics, including hydrochlorothiazide, may alter glucose tolerance and raise the level of cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid in the blood serum. It may be necessary to dose adjustment of insulin or oral antidiabetic agents in patients with diabetes.

Since Exforge H contains hydrochlorothiazide, it is not suitable for systemic hyperuricemia. Hydrochlorothiazide may raise the level of uric acid in blood serum due to the reduction of uric acid clearance and can cause exacerbation of hyperuricemia and gout sudden sensitive patients.

Thiazides may reduce urinary calcium excretion and cause periodic and insignificant increase of calcium in blood serum in the absence of known disorders of calcium metabolism. Marked hypercalcemia may be evidence of hidden hyperparathyroidism. Discontinue use of thiazides before performing tests for parathyroid function.

photosensitivity

Cases of photosensitivity reactions reported with the use of thiazide diuretics. If photosensitivity occur during reception Exforge H drug is recommended to stop. If the recovery application diuretic is deemed necessary, it is recommended to protect exposed areas of the body from sunlight or artificial ultraviolet irradiation.

Zaktitokutova glaucoma

Hydrochlorothiazide, sulfonamide were associated with an allergic reaction, which resulted in the transient acute angle-closure glaucoma and myopia. Symptoms include acute onset of loss of visual acuity or eye pain and typically occur within the first hours or the first week after the start of treatment. Untreated glaucoma can lead to irreversible vision loss.

First of all it is necessary as soon as possible to stop the use of hydrochlorothiazide. If the intraocular pressure is controlled should consider the need for immediate medical or surgical treatment. Risk factors for the development of angle-closure glaucoma may be an allergic reaction to a sulfonamide or penicillin in history.

Are common

Precautions prescribed for patients who over-sensitivity to other angiotensin II receptor antagonists. The occurrence of hypersensitivity reactions to hydrochlorothiazide are more likely in patients with allergy and asthma.

Elderly patients (65 years and older)

Recommended with care, in particular often controlling blood pressure, given to patients of advanced age, particularly H Exforge maximum dose of 10 mg / 320 mg / 25 mg, because of the use of data preparation to patients in this group is limited.

Dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin (RAAS)

The simultaneous use of angiotensin receptor antagonists, including valsartan, with other agents acting as RAAS may increase the cases of hypotension, hyperkalaemia and changes in renal function compared to the monotherapy. It is necessary to monitor the blood pressure, renal function and electrolyte levels in patients treated with Exforge H and other agents which act as the RAAS.

It should be used with caution angiotensin receptor antagonists, including valsartan, with other agents that block the RAAS, such as ACE inhibitors or aliskiren.

Simultaneous application Exforge H with angiotensin receptor antagonists, including valsartan, ACE inhibitors or with aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function (GFR <60 mg / min / 1.73 m 2) or with diabetes.

Use during pregnancy or breast-feeding

Pregnancy

amlodipine

The study of amlodipine safety during pregnancy has not been conducted. In animal studies, reproductive toxicity was observed with high dosages. Use during pregnancy is recommended only if there is no safer alternative drug and if the disease itself carries a greater risk to the mother and embryo.

Valsartan

The drug is contraindicated for pregnant women or women planning pregnancy. If during pregnancy the pregnancy is confirmed, its use should be immediately stopped and, if necessary, replaced with another drug approved for use in pregnant women.

Hydrochlorothiazide

The experience with hydrochlorothiazide during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, is limited. Data obtained in the course of animal studies is not enough.

Hydrochlorothiazide penetrates the placenta. The pharmacological mechanism of the action of hydrochlorothiazide makes it possible to assert that the use of this drug during the II and III trimesters of pregnancy can disrupt fetoplacental perfusion and lead to the appearance of fetal and neonatal reactions such as jaundice, electrolyte imbalance and thrombocytopenia, and may also be associated with other adverse reactions , observed in adults.

Amlodipine / valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide

There is no experience of applying Exforge H to pregnant women. The available data on the components of the preparation make it possible to state that Exforge H is contraindicated.

Breastfeeding period

There is no information on the use of valsartan and / or amlodipine during breastfeeding. Hydrochlorothiazide is excreted in breast milk, so Exforge N is contraindicated during breastfeeding.

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving vehicles or other mechanisms

Patients using Exforge H may experience dizziness or a feeling of weakness after taking the drug, so they should take this into account when driving vehicles and working with potentially dangerous mechanisms.

Amlodipine may moderately or moderately affect the ability to drive vehicles or work with other mechanisms. If patients experience dizziness, headache, fatigue, or nausea with amlodipine, their reaction may be impaired.

Dosing and Administration

Exforge H can be used regardless of food intake. Tablets should be swallowed whole, washed down with water, at the same time of day, preferably in the morning.

Dosage

The recommended dose of Exforge H is 1 tablet per day, preferably in the morning.

Before switching to the use of Exforge H, the patient's condition should be controlled by unchanged doses of monopreparations taking simultaneously. The dose of Exforge H should depend on the doses of the individual components of the combination used at the time of drug change.

The maximum recommended dose of Exforge H is 10 mg / 320 mg / 25 mg.

Individual patient groups

Impaired renal function

Since the preparation contains hydrochlorothiazide, Exforge H is contraindicated in patients with anuria and severe impairment of renal function (creatinine clearance <30 mL / min).

The simultaneous use of Exforge H with aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with impaired renal function (GFR <60 mg / min / 1.73 m 2). There is no need for dose adjustment in patients with impaired renal function of mild and moderate severity.

Diabetes

The simultaneous use of Exforge H with aliskiren is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Impaired liver function

Since valsartan is part of the drug, Exforge H is contraindicated in patients with severe impairment of liver function.Patients with mild to moderate liver function impairment not accompanied by cholestasis receive a maximum recommended dose of valsartan of 80 mg, and therefore Exforge H is not indicated for this group of patients. Patients with impaired hepatic function of mild and moderate severity are not recommended for dosage of amlodipine.

Heart failure and coronary artery disease

The experience of using Exforge H, especially at maximum doses, patients with heart failure and coronary artery disease is limited. It is recommended to use the drug with caution in patients with heart failure and coronary artery disease, especially the maximum dose of Exforge H 10 mg / 320 mg / 25 mg.

Patients of advanced age (65 years and older)

It is recommended with caution, in particular, often controlling arterial pressure, to appoint elderly patients, especially the maximum dose of Exforge H 10 mg / 320 mg / 25 mg, since the use data for this group of patients is limited.

Pediatric populations

There is no relevant data on the use of Exforge H in pediatric populations (patients under the age of 18 years) according to indications arterial hypertension.

Children

Safety and effectiveness of use in children is not established, so the drug is not used in patients of this age group.

Overdose

Symptoms

There is no evidence of an overdose Exforge N. The main symptom of an overdose is possible severe arterial hypotension with dizziness. Overdose of amlodipine may lead to severe vasodilation of peripheral vessels and, possibly, reflex tachycardia. A pronounced and potential prolonged systemic hypotension, including shock with a lethal outcome, has been reported.

Treatment

Amlodipine / valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide

Clinically pronounced arterial hypotension with an overdose Exforge H requires active support of the cardiovascular system, including frequent monitoring of heart and respiratory system function, lower limbs in elevated position, control of circulating blood volume and diuresis. Vasoconstrictors may be appropriate for restoring vascular tone and blood pressure, provided that there is no contraindication for their use. The administration of calcium gluconate can be effective in reversing the effects of calcium channel blockade.

Amlodipine

If after taking the drug a little time has passed, consider the issue of inducing vomiting or rinsing the stomach. With the appointment of activated charcoal to healthy volunteers, immediately or after 2:00 after taking amlodipine, the absorption of amlodipine was expressed markedly.

It is unlikely that amlodipine is excreted during hemodialysis.

Valsartan

It is unlikely that valsartan is excreted during hemodialysis.

Hydrochlorothiazide

An overdose of hydrochlorothiazide is accompanied by a deficiency of electrolytes (hypokalemia, hypochloraemia) and hypovolemia due to excessive diuresis. Nausea and drowsiness are common symptoms of an overdose. Hypokalemia can lead to muscle spasms and / or worsening of arrhythmia associated with the simultaneous use of digitalis glycosides or some antiarrhythmic drugs.

The level to which hydrochlorothiazide is excreted during hemodialysis is not established.

Adverse Reactions

Adverse reactions reported in Table 2 for the organ system classes (MedDRA) and frequency reported by Exforge H (amlodipine / valsartan / hydrochlorothiazide) and separately for amlodipine, valsartan, and hydrochlorothiazide.

Very often ≥1 / 10; often from ≥1 / 100 to <1/10; infrequently from ≥1 / 1000 to <1/100; rarely from ≥1 / 10000 to <1/1 000; very rarely <1/10 000; unknown (can not be determined from available data).

table 2

Classes of organ systems (MedDRA)
Adverse Reactions
Frequency
Exforge H
Amlodipine
Valsartan
Hydrochloro-
thiazide
On the part of the blood and lymphatic system
Agranulocytosis, bone marrow depression
    • -
-
    • -
Rarely
Reduction of hemoglobin and hematocrit
    • -
-
unknown
    • -
hemolytic anemia
    • -
-
    • -
Rarely
leukopenia
    • -
Rarely
    • -
Rarely
neutropenia
    • -
-
unknown
    • -
Thrombocytopenia, sometimes with purpura
    • -
Rarely
unknown
rarely
From the immune system
hypersensitivity
    • -
Rarely
unknown
Rarely
From the side of metabolism and nutrition
anorexia
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
hypercalcemia
infrequently
    • -
-
rarely
hyperglycemia
    • -
Rarely
    • -
rarely
hyperlipidemia
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
hyperuricemia
infrequently
    • -
-
often
hyperchloremic alkalosis
    • -
-
    • -
Rarely
hypokalemia
often
    • -
-
Often
hypomagnesemia
    • -
-
    • -
often
hyponatremia
infrequently
    • -
-
often
Deteriorating metabolic signs of diabetes
    • -
-
    • -
rarely
From the side of the psyche
depression
    • -
infrequently
    • -
rarely
insomnia /
sleep disturbance
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
rarely
mood changes
    • -
infrequently
    • -
embarrassment
    • -
rarely
    • -
-
From the nervous system
coordination disorder
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
dizziness
often
often
    • -
rarely
Dizziness postural, dizziness in tension
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
dysgeusia
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
extrapyramidal symptoms
    • -
unknown
    • -
-
Headache
often
often
    • -
rarely
hypertension
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
lethargy
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
paresthesia
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
rarely
Peripheral neuropathy, neuropathy
infrequently
Rarely
    • -
-
drowsiness
infrequently
often
    • -
-
fainting
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
tremor
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
hypoesthesia
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
From the side of the organs of sight
blurred vision
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
rarely
visual disturbances
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
Acute closed-glaucoma
    • -
-
    • -
unknown
From the organs of hearing
Tinnitus
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
vertigo
infrequently
    • -
infrequently
    • -
From the heart
palpitation
    • -
often
    • -
-
tachycardia
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
Arrhythmia (including bradycardia, ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation)
    • -
Rarely
    • -
rarely
myocardial infarction
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
From the side of the vascular system
flushes of blood
    • -
often
    • -
-
arterial hypotension
often
infrequently
    • -
-
orthostatic hypotension
infrequently
    • -
-
often
Phlebitis, thrombophlebitis
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
vasculitis
    • -
Rarely
unknown
    • -

On the part of the respirator-

path, mediastinal and thoracic organs
cough
infrequently
Rarely
infrequently
dyspnea
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
Respiratory distress, pulmonary edema, pneumonitis
    • -
-
    • -
Rarely
rhinitis
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
throat irritation
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
From the side of the digestive tract
Abdominal discomfort, upper abdominal pain
infrequently
often
infrequently
rarely
Unpleasant odor when breathing
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
Changing the frequency of defecation
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
constipation
    • -
-
    • -
rarely
loss of appetite
    • -
-
    • -
often
diarrhea
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
rarely
Dry mouth
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
dyspepsia
often
infrequently
    • -
-
gastritis
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
gingival hyperplasia
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
nausea
infrequently
often
    • -
often
pancreatitis
    • -
Rarely
    • -
Rarely
vomiting
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
often
From the side of the liver and zhovchovid-
their ways
Increase in the level of liver enzymes, including increased serum bilirubin levels
    • -
Rarely*
unknown
    • -
hepatitis
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
The intra-
cholestasis, jaundice
    • -
Rarely
    • -
rarely
From the skin and its derivatives
alopecia
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
angioedema
    • -
Rarely
unknown
    • -
bullous dermatitis
    • -
-
unknown
    • -
Skin reactions like lupus erythematosus, reactivation of cutaneous lupus erythematosus
    • -
-
    • -
Rarely
erythema multiforme
    • -
Rarely
    • -
unknown
exanthema
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
hyperhidrosis
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
photosensitization
    • -
Rarely
    • -
rarely
pruritus
infrequently
infrequently
unknown
    • -
purpura
    • -
infrequently
    • -
rarely
rashes
    • -
infrequently
unknown
often
Skin discoloration
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
hives
    • -
Rarely
    • -
often
Necrotizing vasculitis and toxic epidermal necrolysis
    • -
-
    • -
Rarely
exfoliative dermatitis
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
angioedema
    • -
Rarely
    • -
-
From the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
arthralgia
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
Backache
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
swelling of the joints
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
muscle spasms
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
unknown
muscle weakness
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
myalgia
infrequently
infrequently
unknown
    • -
Pain in the extremities
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
swelling of the ankle
    • -
often
    • -
-
From the kidney and sechovidil-
system
Increased serum creatinine level
infrequently
    • -
unknown
    • -
urination disorder
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
nocturia
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
polacaury
often
infrequently
    • -
-
renal dysfunction
    • -
-
    • -
unknown
Acute kidney failure
infrequently
    • -
-
unknown
Renal failure and renal dysfunction
    • -
-
unknown
rarely
From the side of reproproductive system and mammary glands
impotence
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
often
gynecomastia
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
General disorders and reactions at the site of application
Abasia, gait disturbance
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
asthenia
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
unknown
Discomfort, malaise
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
weakness
often
often
infrequently
    • -
Non-cardial pain in the thorax
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
edema
often
often
    • -
-
fever
    • -
-
    • -
unknown
pain
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-
survey
Increase in lipid levels
    • -
-
    • -
Often
Increasing the level of urea nitrogen
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
Increase in the level of uric acid in the blood
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
glucosuria
    • -
-
    • -
rarely
Reduction of serum potassium level
infrequently
    • -
-
    • -
Increase of serum potassium level
    • -
-
unknown
    • -
Weight gain
infrequently
infrequently
    • -
-
Decreased body weight
    • -
infrequently
    • -
-

* More associated with cholestasis

Shelf life

2 years.

Storage conditions

Store at a temperature of no higher than 30 o C in a place protected from moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Packaging

For 14 tablets in a blister, 1 or 2 blisters in a cardboard box.

Category of leave

On prescription.


0.00 avg. rating (0% score) - 0 votes - votes